| Core
syllabus |
Further
topics |
| Maxwell's 2 magneto-static
equations. Solutions in two dimensions of Laplace's equation with scalar potential (no currents). Cylindrical harmonic solutions in two dimensions (trigonometric formulation). Ideal pole shapes for dipole, quad and sextupole. Field harmonics-symmetry constraints and significance. Ampere-turns in dipole, quad and sextupole. The magnetic circuit-steel requirements: -permeability and coercivity. Backleg and coil geometry- 'C', 'H' and 'window frame' designs. Coil economic optimisation-capital/running costs. Magnet design using F.E.A. software. Modern codes- OPERA 2D, TOSCA. Design of pole geometry for dipole, quad and sextupole. Magnet ends-computation and design. Construction techniques. |
Cylindrical harmonics in complex formulation. 'Forbidden' harmonics resulting from assembly asymmetries. Typical harmonics present in a practical magnet as manufactured. The effect of field harmonics on the beam related to linear and non-linear resonances (qualitative treatment). Field computations using conformal transformations in the Z plane. Practical magnet design exercise (needing PCs and software). |
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